Wednesday, May 9, 2018

comment on youtube video regards aging

VIDEO SOURCE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DX49TEZMfec

There are trees that live for thousands of years. Neurons of mice transplanted to rats live twice as long, it is believed these are amongst the cells that do not age. In centenarians the fastest dividing cells have like 400~ mutations versus 50~ in a newborn, negligible in a genome of billions of bases. Researchers have hypothesized that neurons do not have an upper limit on lifespan and may in fact be ageless and host dependent for lifespan.

Bowhead whales have nondividing neurons with high metabolism that last for over 200 years of high function. Even with an aging body, the longest lived human is said to have not suffered dementia. It is conceivable that human neurons could last far beyond the human host lifespan, and unless bowhead neurons have substantially superior maintenance, there may be not that much difference in their maintenance mechanisms. The decay of the human brain has been hypothesized to be due to the aging of the dividing support cells, things like the glymphatic system that carries molecular waste away start to fail, and this affects the nonaging cells.

While neurons, even in young individuals, have notable levels of mutations, it appears these cells can handle functioning with these.

Substances like resveratrol are said to activate many of the genes of caloric restriction. They can rescue or extend lifespan in animals with various metabolic disorders, mitochondrial disorders, and afflicted with obesity. In shorter lived animals and organisms, such substances even extend lifespan in normal organisms not afflicted with such. The cause of failure in longer lived animals, some say could be due to the discovered age related NAD decline. This is because the sirtuins are NAD dependent for function.

There are substances that can increase muscle mass, bone growth, and rejuvenate several parameters in an aged tissue like muscle to a more juvenile state. The potential to extend healthspan through pharmaceutical means exist.

A limit exist due to the loss of neurons controlling the autonomous breathing functions. When enough of these neurons have been lost, the probability of spontaneously stopping to breathe in your sleep increases and eventually there comes a point when there's a very real substantial probability you will stop breathing while asleep and the body won't wake you up. A device that detects this, could wake you up, and you could restart breathing with your conscious movement which would kickstart the autonomous system again.

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